% Text title            : parAasharagItA
% File name             : parAsharagiitaa.itx
% Category              : gItA, giitaa
% Location              : doc\_giitaa
% Transliterated by     : Professor Tokunaga in Kyoto system(?)
% Proofread by          : Sunder Hattangadi
% Latest update         : June 2, 1998
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 adhyAya 279
 y
ataH paraM mahAbAho yachChreyastadvadasva me .
na tR^ipyAmyamR^itasyeva vasasaste pitAmaha .. 1..
ki.n karma puruShaH kR^itvA shubhaM puruShasattama .
shreyaH paramavApnoti pretya cheha cha tadvada .. 2..
 bhIShmovAcha
atra te vartayiShyAmi yathApUrvaM mahAyashaH .
parAsharaM mahAtmAnaM paprachCha janako nR^ipaH .. 3..
ki.n shreyaH sarvabhUtAnAmasmi.Nlloke paratra cha .
yadbhavetpratipattavya.n tadbhavAnprabravItu me .. 4..
tataH sa tapasA yuktaH sarvadharmAvidhAnavit .
nR^ipAyAnugraha manA munirvAkyamathAbravIt .. 5..
dharma eva kR^itaH shreyAniha loke paratra cha .
tasmAddhi paramaM nAsti yathA prAhurmanIShiNaH .. 6..
pratipadya naro dharma.n svargaloke mahIyate .
dharmAtmakaH karma vidhirdehinAM nR^ipasattama .
tasminnAshramiNaH santaH svakarmANIha kurvate .. 7..
chaturvidhA hi lokasya yAtrA tAta vidhIyate .
martyA yatrAvatiShThante sA cha kAmAtpravartate .. 8..
sukR^itAsukR^ita.n karma niShevya vividhaiH kramaiH .
dashArdha pravibhaktAnAM bhUtAnAM bahudhA gatiH .. 9..
sauvarNa.n rAjataM vApi yathA bhAndaM niShichyate .
tathA niShichyate jantuH pUrvakarma vashAnugaH .. 10..
nAbIjAjjAyate ki.n chinnAkR^itvA sukhamedhate .
sukR^itI vindati sukhaM prApya dehaxayaM naraH .. 11..
daiva.n tAta na pashyAmi nAsti daivasya sAdhanam .
svabhAvato hi sa.nsiddhA devagandharvadAnavAH .. 12..
pretya jAtikR^ita.n karma na smaranti sadA janAH .
te vai tasya phalaprAptau karma chApi chaturvidham .. 13..
lokayAtrAshrayashchaiva shabdo vedAshrayaH kR^itaH .
shAntyarthaM manasastAta naitadvR^iddhAnushAsanam .. 14..
chaxuShA manasA vAchA karmaNA cha chaturvidham .
kurute yAdR^isha.n karma tAdR^ishaM pratipadyate .. 15..
nirantara.n cha mishraM cha phalate karma pArthiva .
kalyAna.n yadi vA pApaM na tu nAsho.asya vidyate .. 16..
kadA chitsukR^ita.n tAta kUtasthamiva tiShThati .
majjamAnasya sa.nsAre yAvadduHkhAdvimuchyate .. 17..
tato duHkhaxaya.n kR^itvA sukR^itaM karma sevate .
sukR^itaxayAdduShkR^ita.n cha tadviddhi manujAdhipa .. 18..
damaH xamA dhR^itistejaH santoShaH satyavAditA .
hrIrahi.nsAvyasanitA dAxya.n cheti sukhAvahAH .. 19..
duShkR^ite sukR^ite vApi na janturayato bhavet .
nityaM manaH samAdhAne prayateta vichaxaNaH .. 20..
nAyaM parasya sukR^ita.n duShkR^ita.n vApi sevate .
karoti yAdR^isha.n karma tAdR^ishaM pratipadyate .. 21..
sukhaduHkhe samAdhAya pumAnanyena gachChati .
anyenaiva janaH sarvaH sa~Ngato yashcha pArthiva .. 22..
pareShA.n yadasUyeta na tatkuryAtsvayaM naraH .
yo hyasUyustathAyuktaH so.avahAsaM niyachChati .. 23..
bhIrU rAjanyo brAhmaNaH sarvabhaxo
vaishyo.anIhAvAnhInavarNo.alasash cha .
vidvAMshchAshIlo vR^ittahInaH kulInaH
satyAdbhraShTo brAhmaNaH strI cha duShTA .. 24..
rAgI muktaH pachamAno.a.atmahetor
mUrkho vaktA nR^ipa hIna.n cha rAstram .
ete sarve shochyatA.n yAnti rAjan
yashchAyuktaH snehahInaH prajAsu .. 25..
\medskip\hrule\medskip
 adhyAya 280
 parAsharovAcha
manoratharathaM prApya indriyArtha hayaM naraH .
rashmibhirj~nAnasambhUtairyo gachChati sa buddhimAn .. 1..
sevAshritena manasA vR^itti hInasya shasyate .
dvijAtihastAnnirvR^ittA na tu tulyAtparasparam .. 2..
Ayurnasulabha.n labdhvA nAvakarShedvishAM pate .
utkarShArthaM prayatate naraH puNyena karmaNA .. 3..
varNebhyo.api paribhraShTaH sa vai saMmAnamarhati .
na tu yaH satkriyAM prApya rAjasa.n karma sevate .. 4..
varNotkarShamavApnoti naraH puNyena karmaNA .
durlabha.n tamalabdhA hi hanyAtpApena karmaNA .. 5..
aj~nAnAddhi kR^itaM pApa.n tapasaivAbhinirnudet .
pApa.n hi karmaphalati pApameva svaya.n kR^itam .
tasmAtpApaM na seveta karma duHkhaphalodayam .. 6..
pApAnubandha.n yatkarma yadyapi syAnmahAphalam .
na tatseveta medhAvI shuchiH kusalila.n yathA .. 7..
ki.n kastamanupashyAmi phalaM pApasya karmaNaH .
pratyApannasya hi sato nAtmA tAvadvirochate .. 8..
pratyApattishcha yasyeha bAlishasya na jAyate .
tasyApi sumahA.nstApaH prasthitasyopajAyate .. 9..
virakta.n shodhyate vastraM na tu kR^iShNopasa.nhitam .
prayatnena manuShyendra pApamevaM nibodha me .. 10..
svaya.n kR^itvA tu yaH pApa.n shubhamevAnutiShThati .
prAyashchittaM naraH kartumubhaya.n so.ashnute pR^ithak .. 11..
ajAnAttu kR^itA.n hi.nsAmahi.nsA vyapakarShati .
brAhmaNAH shAstranirdeshAdityAhurbrahmavAdinaH .. 12..
kathA kAmakR^ita.n chAsya vihi.nsaivApakarShati .
ityAhurdharmashAstraj~nA brAhmaNA vedapAragAH .. 13..
aha.n tu tAvatpashyAmi karma yadvartate kR^itam .
guNayuktaM prakAsha.n cha pApenAnupasa.nhitam .. 14..
yathA sUxmANi karmANi phalantIha yathAtatham .
buddhiyuktAni tAnIha kR^itAni manasA saha .. 15..
bhavatyalpaphala.n karma sevitaM nityamulbanam .
abuddhipUrva.n dharmaj~na kR^itamugreNa karmaNA .. 16..
kR^itAni yAni karmANi daivatairmunibhistathA .
nAcharettAni dharmAtmA shrutvA chApi na kutsayet .. 17..
sa~ncintya manasA rAjanviditvA shaktimAtmanaH .
karoti yaH shubha.n karma sa vai bhadrANi pashyati .. 18..
nave kapAle salila.n saMnyastaM hIyate yathA .
navetare tathA bhAvaM prApnoti sukhabhAvitam .. 19..
satoye.anyattu yattoya.n tasminneva prasichyate .
vR^iddhe vR^iddhimavApnoti salile salila.n yathA .. 20..
eva.n karmANi yAnIha buddhiyuktAni bhUpate .
nasamAnIha hInAni tAni puNyatamAnyapi .. 21..
rAj~nA jetavyAH sAyudhAshchonnatAsh cha
samyakkartavyaM pAlana.n cha prajAnAm .
agnishcheyo bahubhishchApi yaj~nair
ante madhye vA vanamAshritya stheyam .. 22..
damAnvitaH puruSho dharmashIlo
bhUtAni chAtmAnamivAnupashyet .
garIyasaH pUjayedAtmashaktyA
satyena shIlena sukhaM narendra .. 23..
\medskip\hrule\medskip
 adhyAya 281
 parAsharovAcha
kaH kasya chopakurute kash cha kasmai prayachChati .
prAnI karotyaya.n karma sarvamAtmArthamAtmanA .. 1..
gauraveNa parityaktaM niHsnehaM parivarjayet .
sodaryaM bhrAtaramapi kimutAnyaM pR^ithagjanam .. 2..
vishiShTasya vishiShTAchcha tulyau dAnapratigrahau .
tayoH puNyatara.n dAnaM taddvijasya prayachChataH .. 3..
nyAyAgata.n dhana.n varNairnyAyenaiva vivardhitam .
sa.nraxya.n yatnamAsthAya dharmArthamiti nishchayaH .. 4..
na dharmArthI nR^isha.nsena karmaNA dhanamarjayet .
shaktitaH sarvakAryANi kuryAnnarddhimanusmaret .. 5..
apo hi prayataH shItAstApitA jvalanena vA .
shaktito.atithaye dattvA xudhArtAyAshnute phalam .. 6..
rantidevena lokeShTA siddhiH prAptA mahAtmanA .
phalapatrairatho mUlairmunInarchitavAnasau .. 7..
taireva phalapatraishcha sa mAtharamatoShayat .
tasmAllebhe para.n sthAnaM shaibyo.api pR^ithivIpatiH .. 8..
devatAtithibhR^ityebhyaH pitR^ibhyo.athAtmanastathA .
R^iNavA~njAyate martyastasmAdanR^iNatA.n vrajet .. 9..
svAdhyAyena maharShibhyo devebhyo yaj~nakarmaNA .
pitR^ibhyaH shrAddhadAnena nR^iNAm abhyarchanena cha .. 10..
vAchaH sheShAvahAryeNa pAlanenAtmano.api cha .
yathAvaddhR^itya vargasya chikIrSheddharmamAditaH .. 11..
prayatnena cha sa.nsiddhA dhanairapi vivarjitAH .
samyagghutvA hutavahaM munayaH siddhimAgatAH .. 12..
vishvAmitrasya putratvamR^ichIka tanayo.agamat .
R^igbhiH stutvA mahAbhAgo devAnvai yaj~nabhAginaH .. 13..
gataH shukratvamushanA devadeva prasAdanAt .
devI.n stutvA tu gagane modate tejasA vR^itaH .. 14..
asito devalashchaiva tathA nArada partavau .
kaxIvA~njAmadagnyashcha rAmastAndyastathAMshumAn .. 15..
vasiShTho jamadagnishcha vishvAmitro.atrireva cha .
bharadvAjo harishmashruH kundadhAraH shrutashravAH .. 16..
ete maharShayaH stutvA viShNumR^igbhiH samAhitAH .
lebhire tapasA siddhiM prasAdAttasya dhImataH .. 17..
anarhAshchArhatAM prAptAH santaH stutvA tameva ha .
na tu vR^iddhimihAnvichChetkarmakR^itvA jugupsitam .. 18..
ye.arthA dharmeNa te satyA ye.adharmeNa dhigastu tAn .
dharma.n vai shAshvataM loke na jahyAddhanakA~NxayA .. 19..
AhitAgnirhi dharmAtmA yaH sa puNyakR^iduttamaH .
vedA hi sarve rAjendra sthitAstriShvagniShu prabho .. 20..
sa chApyagnyAhito vipraH kriyA yasya na hIyate .
shreyo hyanAhitAgnitvamagnihotraM na niShkriyam .. 21..
agnirAtmA cha mAtA cha pitA janayitA tathA .
gurushcha narashArdUla paricharyA yathAtatham .. 22..
mAna.n tyaktvA yo naro vR^iddhasevI
vidvAnklIbaH pashyati prItiyogAt .
dAxyeNAhIno dharmayukto nadAnto
loke.asminvai pUjyate sadbhirAryaH .. 23..
\medskip\hrule\medskip
 adhyAya 282
 parAsharovAcha
vR^ittiH sakAshAdvarNebhyastribhyo hInasya shobhanA .
prItyopanItA nirdiShTA dharmiShThAnkurute sadA .. 1..
vR^ittishchennAsti shUdrasya pitR^ipaitAmahI dhruvA .
na vR^ittiM parato mArgechChushrUsA.n tu prayojayet .. 2..
sadbhistu saha sa.nsargaH shobhate dharmadarshibhiH .
nitya.n sarvAsvavasthAsu nAsadbhiriti me matiH .. 3..
yathodaya girau dravya.n saMnikarSheNa dIpyate .
tathA satsaMnikarSheNa hInavarNo.api dIpyate .. 4..
yAdR^ishena hi varNena bhAvyate shuklamambaram .
tAdR^isha.n kurute rUpametadevamavaihi me .. 5..
tasmAdguNeShu rajyethA mA doSheShu kadA chana .
anityamiha martyAnA.n jIvita.n hi chalAchalam .. 6..
sukhe vA yadi vA duHkhe vartamAno vichaxaNaH .
yashchinoti shubhAnyeva sa bhadrANIha pashyati .. 7..
dharmAdapeta.n yatkarma yadyapi syAnmahAphalam .
na tatseveta medhAvI na taddhitamihochyate .. 8..
yo hR^itvA gosahasrANi nR^ipo dadyAdaraxitA .
sa shabdamAtraphalabhAgrAjA bhavati taskaraH .. 9..
svayambhUrasR^ijachchAgre dhAtAra.n lokapUjitam .
dhAtAsR^ijatputramekaM prajAnA.n dhAraNe ratam .. 10..
tamarchayitvA vaishyastu kuryAdatyarthamR^iddhimat .
raxitavya.n tu rAjanyairupayojyaM dvijAtibhiH .. 11..
ajihmairashatha krodhairhavyakavya prayoktR^ibhiH .
shUdrairnirmArjana.n kAryamevaM dharmo na nashyati .. 12..
apranaste tato dharme bhavanti sukhitAH prajAH .
sukhena tAsA.n rAjendra modante divi devatAH .. 13..
tasmAdyo raxati nR^ipaH sa dharmeNAbhipUjyate .
adhIte chApi yo vipro vaishyo yashchArjane rataH .. 14..
yashcha shushrUsate shUdraH satataM niyatendriyaH .
ato.anyathA manuShyendra svadharmAtparihIyate .. 15..
prANa santApanirdiShTAH kAkinyo.api mahAphalAH .
nyAyenopArjitA dattAH kimutAnyAH sahasrashaH .. 16..
satkR^itya tu dvijAtibhyo yo dadAti narAdhipa .
yAdR^isha.n tAdR^ishaM nityamashnAti phalamUrjitam .. 17..
abhigamya datta.n tuShTyA yaddhanyamAhurabhiShTutam .
yAchitena tu yaddatta.n tadAhurmadhyamaM budhAH .. 18..
avaj~nayA dIyate yattathaivAshraddhayApi cha .
tadAhuradhama.n dAnaM munayaH satyavAdinaH .. 19..
atikrame majjamAno vividhena naraH sadA .
tathA prayatna.n kurvIta yathA muchyeta saMshayAt .. 20..
damena shobhate vipraH xatriyo vijayena tu .
dhanena vaishyaH shUdrastu nitya.n dAxyeNa shobhate .. 21..
\medskip\hrule\medskip
 adhyAya 283
 parAsharovAcha
pratigrahAgatA vipre xatriye shastranirjitAH .
vaishye nyAyArjitAshchaiva shUdre shushrUsayArjitAH .
svalApyarthAH prashasyante dharmasyArthe mahAphalAH .. 1..
nitya.n trayANA.n varNAnAM shUdraH shushrUsuruchyate .
xatradharmA vaishya dharmA nAvR^ittiH patati dvijaH .
shUdra karmA yadA tu syAttadA patati vai dvijaH .. 2..
vAnijyaM pAshupAlya.n cha tathA shilpopajIvanam .
shUdrasyApi vidhIyante yadA vR^ittirna jAyate .. 3..
ra~NgAvataraNa.n chaiva tathArUpopajIvanam .
madya mA.nsopajIvya.n cha vikrayo lohacharmaNoH .. 4..
apUrviNA na kartavya.n karma loke vigarhitam .
kR^itapUrviNastu tyajato mahAndharma iti shrutiH .. 5..
sa.nsiddhiH puruSho loke yadAcharati pApakam .
madenAbhipluta manAstachcha na grAhyamuchyate .. 6..
shrUyante hi purANe vai prajA dhigdanda shAsanAH .
dAntA dharmapradhAnAshcha nyAyadharmAnuvartakAH .. 7..
dharma eva sadA nR^INAmiha rAjanprashasyate .
dharmavR^iddhA guNAneva sevante hi narA bhuvi .. 8..
ta.n dharmamasurAstAta nAmR^iShyanta janAdhipa .
vivardhamAnAH kramashastatra te.anvAvishanprajAH .. 9..
teShA.n darpaH samabhavatprajAnAM dharmanAshanaH .
darpAtmanA.n tataH krodhaH punasteShAmajAyata .. 10..
tataH krodhAbhibhUtAnA.n vR^ittaM lajjA samanvitam .
hrIshchaivApyanashadrAja.nstato moho vyajAyata .. 11..
tato mohaparItAste nApashyanta yathA purA .
parasparAvamardena vartayanti yathAsukham .. 12..
tAnprApya tu sa dhigdaNDo na kAraNamato.abhavat .
tato.abhyagachChandevAMshcha brAhmaNAMshchAvamanya ha .. 13..
etasminneva kAle tu devA devavara.n shivam .
agachCha~nsharaNa.n vIraM bahurUpa.n gaNAdhipam .. 14..
tena sma te gaganagAH sapurAH pAtitAH xitau .
tisro.apyekena bAnena devApyAyita tejasA .. 15..
teShAmadhipatistvAsIdbhImo bhImaparAkramaH .
devatAnAM bhayakaraH sa hataH shUlapANinA .. 16..
tasminhate.atha svaM bhAvaM pratyapadyanta mAnavAH .
prAvartanta cha vedA vai shAstrANi cha yathA purA .. 17..
tato.abhyasi~nchanrAjyena devAnA.n divi vAsavam .
saptarShayashchAnvayu~njannarANA.n danda dhAraNe .. 18..
saptarShINAmathordhva.n cha vipR^ithurnAma pArthivaH .
rAjAnaH xatriyAshchaiva mandaleShu pR^ithakpR^ithak .. 19..
mahAkuleShu ye jAtA vR^ittAH pUrvatarAsh cha ye .
teShAmathAsuro bhAvo hR^idayAnnApasarpati .. 20..
tasmAttenaiva bhAvena sAnuSha~Ngena pArthivAH .
AsurANyeva karmANi nyasevanbhImavikramAH .. 21..
pratyatiShThaMshcha teShveva tAnyeva sthApayanti cha .
bhajante tAni chAdyApi ye bAlishatamA narAH .. 22..
tasmAdahaM bravImi tvA.n rAjansa~ncintya shAstrataH .
sa.nsiddhAdhigama.n kuryAtkarma hi.nsAtmakaM tyajet .. 23..
na sa~NkareNa draviNa.n vichinvIta vichaxaNaH .
dharmArthaM nyAyamutsR^ijya na tatkalyAnamuchyate .. 24..
sa tvameva.nvidho dAntaH xatriyaH priyabAndhavaH .
prajA bhR^ityAMshcha putrAMshcha svadharmeNAnupAlaya .. 25..
iShTAniShTa samAyogo vaira.n sauhArdameva cha .
atha jAtisahasrANi bahUni parivartate .. 26..
tasmAdguNeShu rajyethA mA doSheShu kadA chana .
nirguNo yo hi durbuddhirAtmanaH so.ariruchyate .. 27..
mAnuSheShu mahArAja dharmAdharmau pravartataH .
na tathAnyeShu bhUteShu manuShyarahiteShviha .. 28..
dharmashIlo naro vidvAnIhako.anIhako.api vA .
AtmabhUtaH sadA loke charedbhUtAnyahi.nsayan .. 29..
yadA vyapetaddhR^illekhaM mano bhavati tasya vai .
nAnR^ita.n chaiva bhavati tadA kalyAnamR^ichChati .. 30..
\medskip\hrule\medskip
 adhyAya 284
 parAsharovAcha
eSha dharmavidhistAta gR^ihasthasya prakIrtitaH .
tapasvidhi.n tu vaxyAmi tanme nigadataH shR^iNu .. 1..
prAyena hi gR^ihasthasya mamatvaM nAma jAyate .
sa~NgAgataM narashreShTha bhAvaistAmasarAjasaiH .. 2..
gR^ihANyAshritya gAvashcha xetrANi cha dhanAni cha .
dArAH putrAshcha bhR^ityAshcha bhavantIha narasya vai .. 3..
eva.n tasya pravR^ittasya nityamevAnupashyataH .
rAgadveShau vivardhete hyanityatvamapashyataH .. 4..
rAgadveShAbhibhUta.n cha naraM dravyavashAnugam .
mohajAtA ratirnAma samupaiti narAdhipa .. 5..
kR^itArtho bhogato bhUtvA sa vai ratiparAyanaH .
lAbha.n grAmyasukhAdanya.n ratito nAnupashyati .. 6..
tato lobhAbhibhUtAtmA sa~NgAdvardhayate janam .
puShTyartha.n chaiva tasyeha janasyArthaM chikIrShati .. 7..
sa jAnannapi chAkAryamarthArtha.n sevate naraH .
bAla snehaparItAtmA tatxayAchchAnutapyate .. 8..
tato mAnena sampanno raxannAtmaparAjayam .
karoti yena bhogI syAmiti tasmAdvinashyati .. 9..
tapo hi buddhiyuktAnA.n shAshvataM brahma darshanam .
anvichChatA.n shubha.n karma narANAM tyajatAM sukham .. 10..
snehAyatana nAshAchcha dhananAshAchcha pArthiva .
AdhivyAdhi pratApAchcha nirvedamupagachChati .. 11..
nirvedAdAtmasambodhaH sambodhAchChAstra darshanam .
shAstrArthadarshanAdrAja.nstapa evAnupashyati .. 12..
durlabho hi manuShyendra naraH pratyavamarshavAn .
yo vai priya sukhe xINe tapaH kartu.n vyavasyati .. 13..
tapaH sarvagata.n tAta hInasyApi vidhIyate .
jitendriyasya dAntasya svargamArgapradeshakam .. 14..
prajApatiH prajAH pUrvamasR^ijattapasA vibhuH .
kva chitkva chidvrataparo vratAnyAsthAya pArthiva .. 15..
AdityA vasavo rudrAstathaivAgnyashvimArutAH .
vishvedevAstathA sAdhyAH pitaro.atha marudgaNAH .. 16..
yaxarAxasa gandharvAH siddhAshchAnye divaukasaH .
sa.nsiddhAstapasA tAta ye chAnye svargavAsinaH .. 17..
ye chAdau brahmaNA sR^iShTA brAhmaNAstapasA purA .
te bhAvayantaH pR^ithivI.n vicharanti diva.n tathA .. 18..
martyaloke cha rAjAno ye chAnye gR^ihamedhinaH .
mahAkuleShu dR^ishyante tatsarva.n tapasaH phalam .. 19..
kaushikAni cha vastrANi shubhAnyAbharaNAni cha .
vAhanAsana yAnAni sarva.n tattapasaH phalam .. 20..
mano.anukUlAH pramadA rUpavatyaH sahasrashaH .
vAsaH prAsAdapR^iShThe cha tatsarva.n tapasaH phalam .. 21..
shayanAni cha mukhyAni bhojyAni vividhAni cha .
abhipretAni sarvANi bhavanti kR^itakarmaNAm .. 22..
nAprApya.n tapasA kiM chittrailokye.asminparantapa .
upabhoga parityAgaH phalAnyakR^itakarmaNAm .. 23..
sukhito duHkhito vApi naro lobhaM parityajet .
avexya manasA shAstraM buddhyA cha nR^ipasattama .. 24..
asantoSho.asukhAyaiva lobhAdindriyavibhramaH .
tato.asya nashyati praj~nA vidyevAbhyAsa varjitA .. 25..
naShTa praj~no yadA bhavati tadA nyAyaM na pashyati .
tasmAtsukhaxaye prApte pumAnugra.n tapash charet .. 26..
yadiShTa.n tatsukhaM prAhurdveShyaM duHkhamihochyate .
kR^itAkR^itasya tapasaH phalaM pashyasva yAdR^isham .. 27..
nityaM bhadrANi pashyanti viShayAMshchopabhu~njate .
prAkAshya.n chaiva gachChanti kR^itvA niShkalmaShaM tapaH .. 28..
apriyANyavamAnAMshcha duHkhaM bahuvidhAtmakam .
phalArthI tatpathatyaktaH prApnoti viShayAtmakam .. 29..
dharme tapasi dAne cha vichikitsAsya jAyate .
sa kR^itvA pApakAnyeva nirayaM pratipadyate .. 30..
sukhe tu vartamAno vai duHkhe vApi narottama .
svavR^ittAdyo na chalati shAstrachaxuH sa mAnavaH .. 31..
iShuprapAta mAtra.n hi sparshayoge ratiH smR^itA .
rasane darshane ghrANe shravaNe cha vishAM pate .. 32..
tato.asya jAyate tIvrA vedanA tatxayAtpunaH .
budhA yena prasha.nsanti moxa.n sukhamanuttamam .. 33..
tataH phalArtha.n charati bhavanti jyAyaso guNAH .
dharmavR^ittyA cha satata.n kAmArthAbhyAM na hIyate .. 34..
aprayatnAgatAH sevyA gR^ihasthairviShayAH sadA .
prayatnenopagamyashcha svadharma iti me matiH .. 35..
mAninA.n kulajAtAnAM nitya.n shAstrArthachaxuShAm .
dharmakriyA viyuktAnAmashaktyA sa.nvR^itAtmanAm .. 36..
kriyamANa.n yadA karma nAsha.n gachChati mAnuSham .
teShAM nAnyadR^ite loke tapasaH karma vidyate .. 37..
sarvAtmanA tu kurvIta gR^ihasthaH karma nishchayam .
dAxyeNa havyakavyArtha.n svadharmaM vicharennR^ipa .. 38..
yathA nadInadAH sarve sAgare yAnti sa.nsthitam .
evamAshramiNaH sarve gR^ihasthe yAnti sa.nsthitam .. 39..
\medskip\hrule\medskip
 adhyAya 285
 janaka
varNo visheShavarNAnAM maharShe kena jAyate .
etadichChAmyaha.n shrotu.n tadbrUhi vadatAM vara .. 1..
yadetajjAyate.apatya.n sa evAyamiti shrutiH .
kathaM brAhmaNato jAto visheShagrahaNa.n gataH .. 2..
 parAsharovAcha
evametanmahArAja yena jAtaH sa eva saH .
tapasastvapakarSheNa jAtigrahaNatA.n gataH .. 3..
suxetrAchcha subIjAchcha puNyo bhavati sambhavaH .
ato.anyatarato hInAdavaro nAma jAyate .. 4..
vakrAdbhujAbhyAmUrubhyAM padbhyA.n chaivAtha jaj~nire .
sR^ijataH prajApaterlokAniti dharmavido viduH .. 5..
mukhajA brAhmaNAstAta bAhujAH xatrabandhavaH .
UrujA dhanino rAjanpAdajAH parichArakAH .. 6..
chaturNAmeva varNAnAmAgamaH puruSharShabha .
ato.anye tvatiriktA ye te vai sa~NkarajAH smR^itAH .. 7..
xatrajAtirathAmbasthA ugrA vaidehakAstathA .
shvapAkAH pulkasAH stenA niShAdAH sUtamAgadhAH .. 8..
AyogAH karaNA vrAtyAshchandAlAshcha narAdhipa .
ete chaturbhyo varNebhyo jAyante vai parasparam .. 9..
 janaka
brahmaNaikena jAtAnAM nAnAtva.n gotrataH katham .
bahUnIha hi loke vai gotrANi munisattama .. 10..
yatra tatra katha.n jAtAH svayoniM munayo gatAH .
shUdrayonau samutpannA viyonau cha tathApare .. 11..
 parAsharovAcha
rAjannetadbhavedgrAhyamapakR^iShTena janmanA .
mahAtmAna.n samutpattistapasA bhAvitAtmanAm .. 12..
utpAdya putrAnmunayo nR^ipatau yatra tatra ha .
svenaiva tapasA teShAmR^iShitva.n vidadhuH punaH .. 13..
pitAmahashcha me pUrvamR^ishyashR^i~Ngashcha kAshyapaH .
vatastAndyaH kR^ipashchaiva kaxIvAnkamathAdayaH .. 14..
yavakrItashcha nR^ipate droNashcha vadatA.n varaH .
Ayurmata~Ngo dattash cha drupado matsya eva cha .. 15..
ete svAM prakR^itiM prAptA vaideha tapaso.a.ashrayAt .
pratiShThitA vedavido dame tapasi chaiva hi .. 16..
mUlagotrANi chatvAri samutpannAni pArthiva .
a~NgirAH kashyapashchaiva vasiShTho bhR^igureva cha .. 17..
karmato.anyAni gotrANi samutpannAni pArthiva .
nAmadheyAni tapasA tAni cha grahaNa.n satAm .. 18..
 janaka
visheShadharmAnvarNAnAM prabrUhi bhagavanmama .
tathA sAmAnya dharmAMshcha sarvatra kushalo hyasi .. 19..
 parA
pratigraho yAjana.n cha tathaivAdhyApanaM nR^ipa .
visheShadharmo viprANA.n raxA xatrasya shobhanA .. 20..
kR^iShishcha pAshupAlya.n cha vAnijyaM cha vishAm api .
dvijAnAM paricharyA cha shUtra karma narAdhipa .. 21..
visheShadharmA nR^ipate varNAnAM parikIrtitAH .
dharmAnsAdhAraNA.nstAta vistareNa shR^iNuShva me .. 22..
AnR^isha.nsyamahi.nsA chApramAdaH sa.nvibhAgitA .
shrAddhakarmAtitheya.n cha satyamakrodha eva cha .. 23..
sveShu dAreShu santoShaH shauchaM nityAnasUyatA .
Atmaj~nAna.n titixA cha dharmAH sAdhAraNA nR^ipa .. 24..
brAhmaNAH xatriyA vaishyAstrayo varNA dvijAtayaH .
atra teShAmadhIkAro dharmeShu dvipadA.n vara .. 25..
vikarmAvasthitA varNAH patanti nR^ipate trayaH .
unnamanti yathA santamAshrityeha svakarmasu .. 26..
na chApi shUdraH patatIti nishchayo
na chApi sa.nskAramihArhatIti vA .
shrutipravR^ittaM na cha dharmamApnute
na chAsya dharme pratiShedhana.n kR^itam .. 27..
vaidehaka.n shUdramudAharanti
dvijA mahArAja shrutopapannAH .
aha.n hi pashyAmi narendra devaM
vishvasya viShNu.n jagataH pradhAnam .. 28..
satA.n vR^ittamanuShThAya nihInA ujjihIrShavaH .
mantravarjaM na duShyanti kurvANAH pauShTikIH kriyAH .. 29..
yathA yathA hi sadvR^ittamAlambantItare janAH .
tathA tathA sukhaM prApya pretya cheha cha sherate .. 30..
 ja
ki.n karma dUsayatyenamatha jAtirmahAmune .
sandeho me samutpannastanme vyAkhyAtumarhasi .. 31..
 parA
asaMshayaM mahArAja ubhaya.n doShakArakam .
karma chaiva hi jAtishcha visheSha.n tu nishAmaya .. 32..
jAtyA cha karmaNA chaiva duShTa.n karma niShevate .
jAtyA duShTashcha yaH pApaM na karoti sa pUruShaH .. 33..
jAtyA pradhAnaM puruSha.n kurvANaM karma dhikkR^itam .
karma taddUsayatyena.n tasmAtkarma na shobhanam .. 34..
 ja
kAni karmANi dharmyANi loke.asmindvijasattama .
na hi.nsantIha bhUtAni kriyamANAni sarvadA .. 35..
 parA
shR^iNu me.atra mahArAja yanmA.n tvaM paripR^ichChasi .
yAni karmANyahi.nsrANi nara.n trAyanti sarvadA .. 36..
saMnyasyAgnInupAsInAH pashyanti vigatajvarAH .
naiHshreyasa.n dharmapatha.n samAruhya yathAkramam .. 37..
prashritA vinayopetA damanityAH susaMshitAH .
prayAnti sthAnamajara.n sarvakarma vivarjitAH .. 38..
sarve varNA dharmakAryANi samyak
kR^itvA rAjansatyavAkyAni choktvA .
tyaktvAdharma.n dAruNaM jIvaloke
yAnti svargaM nAtra kAryo vichAraH .. 39..
\medskip\hrule\medskip
 adhyAya 286
 parAsharovAcha
pitA sukhAyo guravaH striyash cha
na nirguNA nAma bhavanti loke .
ananyabhaktAH priyavAdinash cha
hitAshcha vashyAshcha tathaiva rAjan .. 1..
pitA para.n daivataM mAnavAnAM
mAturvishiShTaM pitara.n vadanti .
j~nAnasya lAbhaM parama.n vadanti
jitendriyArthAH paramApnuvanti .. 2..
raNAjire yatra sharAgnisa.nstare
nR^ipAtmajo ghAtamavApya dahyate .
prayAti lokAnamaraiH sudurlabhAn
niShevate svargaphala.n yathAsukham .. 3..
shrAntaM bhItaM bhraShTa shastra.n rudantaM
parA~NmukhaM paribarhaishcha hInam .
anudyata.n rogiNaM yAchamAnaM
na vai hi.nsyAdbAlavR^iddhau cha rAjan .. 4..
paribarhaiH susampannamudyata.n tulyatAM gatam .
atikrameta nR^ipatiH sa~NgrAme xatriyAtmajam .. 5..
tulyAdiha vadhaH shreyAnvishiShTAchcheti nishchayaH .
nihInAtkAtarAchchaiva nR^ipANA.n garhito vadhaH .. 6..
pApAtpApasamAchArAnnihInAchcha narAdhipa .
pApa eva vadhaH prokto narakAyeti nishchayaH .. 7..
na kashchittrAti vai rAjandiShTAnta vashamAgatam .
sAvasheShAyuSha.n chApi kashchidevApakarShati .. 8..
snigdhaishcha kriyamANAni karmANIha nivartayet .
hi.nsAtmakAni karmANi nAyurichChetparAyuShA .. 9..
gR^ihasthAnA.n tu sarveShA.n vinAshamabhikA~NxitAm .
nidhana.n shobhana.n tAta pulineShu kriyAvatAm .. 10..
AyuShi xayamApanne pa~nchatvamupagachChati .
nAkAraNAttadbhavati kAraNairupapAditam .. 11..
tathA sharIraM bhavati dehAdyenopapAditam .
adhvAna.n gatakashchAyaM prAptashchAyaM gR^ihAdgR^iham .. 12..
dvitIya.n kAraNaM tatra nAnyatkiM chana vidyate .
taddeha.n dehinA.n yuktaM moxabhUteShu vartate .. 13..
sirA snAyvasthi sa~NghAtaM bIbhatsA medhya sa~Nkulam .
bhUtAnAmindriyANA.n cha guNAnAM cha samAgatam .. 14..
tvaganta.n dehamityAhurvidvA.nso.adhyAtmachintakAH .
punairapi parixINa.n sharIraM martyatA.n gatam .. 15..
sharIriNA parityaktaM nishcheShTa.n gatachetanam .
bhUtaiH prakR^itamApannaistato bhUmau nimajjati .. 16..
bhAvita.n karmayogena jAyate tatra tatra ha .
ida.n sharIraM vaideha mriyate yatra tatra ha .
tatsvabhAvo.aparo dR^iShTo visargaH karmaNastathA .. 17..
na jAyate tu nR^ipate ka.n chitkAlamayaM punaH .
paribhramati bhUtAtmA dyAmivAmbudharo mahAn .. 18..
sa punarjAyate rAjanprApyehAyatanaM nR^ipa .
manasaH paramo hyAtmA indriyebhyaH paraM manaH .. 19..
dvividhAnA.n cha bhUtAnAM ja~NgamAH paramA nR^ipa .
ja~NgamAnAmapi tathA dvipadAH paramA matAH .
dvipadAnAmapi tathA dvijA vai paramAH smR^itAH .. 20..
dvijAnAmapi rAjendra praj~nAvantaH parA matAH .
prAj~nAnAmAtmasambuddhAH sambuddhAnAmamAninaH .. 21..
jAtamanveti maraNaM nR^iNAmiti vinishchayaH .
antavanti hi karmANi sevante guNataH prajAH .. 22..
Apanne tUttarA.n kAShThA.n sUrye yo nidhanaM vrajet .
naxatre cha muhUrte cha puNye rAjansa puNyakR^it .. 23..
ayojayitvA kleshena janaM plAvya cha duShkR^itam .
mR^ityunAprAkR^iteneha karmakR^itvAtmashaktitaH .. 24..
viShamudbandhana.n dAho dasyu hastAttathA vadhaH .
da.nstribhyashcha pashubhyashcha prAkR^ito vadha uchyate .. 25..
na chaibhiH puNyakarmANo yujyante nAbhisandhijaiH .
eva.nvidhaishcha bahubhiraparaiH prAkR^itairapi .. 26..
Urdhva.n hitvA pratiShThante prAnAH puNyakR^itAM nR^ipa .
madhyato madhyapuNyAnAmadho duShkR^ita karmaNAm .. 27..
ekaH shatrurna dvitIyo.asti shatrur
aj~nAnatulyaH puruShasya rAjan .
yenAvR^itaH kurute samprayukto
ghorANi karmANi sudAruNAni .. 28..
prabodhanArtha.n shrutidharmayuktaM
vR^idddhAnupAsya.n cha bhaveta yasya .
prayatnasAdhyo hi sa rAjaputra
praj~nAshareNonmathitaH paraiti .. 29..
adhItya vedA.nstapasA brahmachArI
yaj~nA~nshaktyA saMnisR^ijyeha pa~ncha .
vana.n gachChetpuruSho dharmakAmaH
shreyashchitvA sthApayitvA svavaMsham .. 30..
upabhogairapi tyaktaM nAtmAnamavasAdayet .
chandAlatve.api mAnuShya.n sarvathA tAta durlabham .. 31..
iya.n hi yoniH prathamA yAM prApya jagatIpate .
AtmA vai shakyate trAtu.n karmabhiH shubhalaxaNaiH .. 32..
kathaM na vipranashyema yonIto.asyA iti prabho .
kurvanti dharmaM manujAH shrutiprAmAnya darshanAt .. 33..
yo durlabhataraM prApya mAnuShyamiha vai naraH .
dharmAvamantA kAmAtmA bhavetsa khalu va~nchyate .. 34..
yastu prItipurogeNa chaxuShA tAta pashyati .
dIpopamAni bhUtAni yAvadarchirna nashyati .. 35..
sAntvenAnupradAnena priyavAdena chApyuta .
samaduHkhasukho bhUtvA sa paratra mahIyate .. 36..
dAna.n tyAgaH shobhanA mUrtiradbhyo
bhUyaH plAvya.n tapasA vai sharIram .
sarasvatI naimiShapuShkareShu
ye chApyanye puNyadeshAH pR^ithivyAm .. 37..
gR^iheShu yeShAmasavaH patanti
teShAmatho nirharanaM prashastam .
yAnena vai prApana.n cha shmashAne
shauchena nUna.n vidhinA chaiva dAhaH .. 38..
iShTiH puShTiryajana.n yAjana.n cha
dAnaM puNyAnA.n karmaNAM cha prayogaH .
shaktyA pitrya.n yachcha ki.n chitprashastaM
sarvANyAtmArthe mAnavo yaH karoti .. 39..
dharmashAstrANi vedAshcha ShaDa~NgAni narAdhipa .
shreyaso.arthe vidhIyante narasyAkliShTa karmaNaH .. 40..
 bhIShmovAcha
evadvai sarvamAkhyAtaM muninA sumahAtmanA .
videharAjAya purA shreyaso.arthe narAdhipa .. 41..
\medskip\hrule\medskip
 adhyAya 287
 bhIShmovAcha
punareva tu paprachCha janako mithilAdhipaH .
parAsharaM mahAtmAna.n dharme paramanishchayam .. 1..
ki.n shreyaH kA gatirbrahmanki.n kR^itaM na vinashyati .
kva gato na nivarteta tanme brUhi mahAmune .. 2..
 parAsharovAcha
asa~NgaH shreyaso mUla.n j~nAnaM j~nAnagatiH parA .
chIrNa.n tapo na pranashyedvApaH xetre na nashyati .. 3..
ChittvAdharmamayaM pAsha.n yadA dharme.abhirajyate .
dattvAbhaya kR^ita.n dAnaM tadA siddhimavApnuyAt .. 4..
yo dadAti sahasrANi gavAmashvashatAni cha .
abhaya.n sarvabhUtebhyastaddAnamativartate .. 5..
vasanviShayamadhye.api na vasatyeva buddhimAn .
sa.nvasatyeva durbuddhirasatsu viShayeShvapi .. 6..
nAdharmaH shliShyate prAj~namApaH puShkara parNavat .
aprAj~namadhikaM pApa.n shliShyate jatu kAShThavat .. 7..
nAdharmaH kAraNApexI kartAramabhimu~nchati .
kartA khalu yathAkAla.n tatsarvamabhipadyate .
na bhIdyante kR^itAtmAna Atmapratyaya darshinaH .. 8..
buddhikarmendriyANA.n hi pramatto yo na budhyate .
shubhAshubheShu saktAtmA prApnoti sumahadbhayam .. 9..
vItarAgo jitakrodhaH samyagbhavati yaH sadA .
viShaye vartamAno.api na sa pApena yujyate .. 10..
maryAdAyA.n dharmaseturnibaddho naiva sIdati .
puShTasrota ivAyattaH sphIto bhavati sa~ncayaH .. 11..
yathA bhAnugata.n tejo maniH shuddhaH samAdhinA .
Adatte rAjashArdUla tathA yogaH pravartate .. 12..
yathA tilAnAmiha puShpasaMshrayAt
pR^ithakpR^ithagyAni guNo.atisaumyatAm .
tathA narANAM bhuvi bhAvitAtmanAM
yathAshraya.n sattvaguNaH pravartate .. 13..
jahAti dArAnihate na sampadaH
sadashvayAna.n vividhAshcha yAH kriyAH .
triviShTape jAtamatiryadA naras
tadAsya buddhirviShayeShu bhIdyate .. 14..
prasaktabuddhirviShayeShu yo naro
yo budhyate hyAtmahita.n kadA chana .
sa sarvabhAvAnugatena chetasA
nR^ipAmiSheNeva jhaSho vikR^iShyate .. 15..
sa~NghAtavAnmartyalokaH parasparamapAshritaH .
kadalI garbhaniHsAro naurivApsu nimajjati .. 16..
na dharmakAlaH puruShasya nishchito
nApi mR^ityuH puruShaM pratIxate .
kriyA hi dharmasya sadaiva shobhanA
yadA naro mR^ityumukhe.abhivartate .. 17..
yathAndhaH svagR^ihe yukto hyabhyAsAdeva gachChati .
tathAyuktena manasA prAj~no gachChati tA.n gatim .. 18..
maraNa.n janmani proktaM janma vai maraNAshritam .
avidvAnmoxadharmeShu baddhobhramati chakravat .. 19..
yathA mR^iNAlo.anugatamAshu mu~nchati kardamam .
tathAtmA puruShasyeha manasA parimuchyate .
manaH pranayate.a.atmAna.n sa enamabhiyu~njati .. 20..
parArthe vartamAnastu svakArya.n yo.abhimanyate .
indriyArtheShu saktaH sansvakAryAtparihIyate .. 21..
adhastiryaggati.n chaiva svarge chaiva parAM gatim .
prApnoti svakR^itairAtmA prAj~nasyehetarasya cha .. 22..
mR^inmaye bhAjane pakve yathA vai nyasyate dravaH .
tathA sharIra.n tapasA tapta.n viShayamashnute .. 23..
viShayAnashnute yastu na sa bhoxyatyasaMshayam .
yastu bhogA.nstyajedAtmA sa vai bhoktu.n vyavasyati .. 24..
nIhAreNa hi sa.nvItaH shishnodara parAyanaH .
jAtyandha iva panthAnamAvR^itAtmA na budhyate .. 25..
vaNigyathA samudrAdvai yathArtha.n labhate dhanam .
tathA martyArNave jantoH karma vij~nAnato gatiH .. 26..
ahorAtra maye loke jarA rUpeNa sa~ncaran .
mR^ityurgrasati bhUtAni pavanaM pannago yathA .. 27..
svaya.n kR^itAni karmANi jAto jantuH prapadyate .
nAkR^ita.n labhate kashchitki.n chidatra priyApriyam .. 28..
shayAna.n yAntamAsInaM pravR^ittaM viShayeShu cha .
shubhAshubhAni karmANi prapadyante nara.n sadA .. 29..
na hyanyattIramAsAdya punastartu.n vyavasyati .
durlabho dR^ishyate hyasya vinipAto mahArNave .. 30..
yathA bhArAvasaktA hi naurmahAmbhasi tantunA .
tathA mano.abhiyogAdvai sharIraM pratikarShati .. 31..
yathA samudramabhitaH sa.nsyUtAH sarito.aparAH .
tathAdyA prakR^itiryogAdabhisa.nsyUyate sadA .. 32..
snehapAshairbahuvibhairAsaktamanaso narAH .
prakR^itiShThA viShIdanti jale saikata veshmavat .. 33..
sharIragR^iha sa.nsthasya shauchatIrthasya dehinaH .
buddhimArga prayAtasya sukha.n tviha paratra cha .. 34..
vistarAH kleshasa.nyuktAH sa~NxepAstu sukhAvahAH .
parArtha.n vistarAH sarve tyAgamAtmahitaM viduH .. 35..
sa~Nkalpajo mitravargo j~nAtayaH kAraNAtmakAH .
bhAryA dAsAshcha putrAshcha svamarthamanuyu~njate .. 36..
na mAtA na pitA ki.n chitkasya chitpratipadyate .
dAnapathyodano jantuH svakarmaphalamashnute .. 37..
mAtAputraH pitA bhrAtA bhAryA mitra janastathA .
aShTApada padasthAne tvaxamudreva nyasyate .. 38..
sarvANi karmANi purA kR^itAni
shubhAshubhAnyAtmano yAnti jantor .
upasthita.n karmaphala.n viditvA
buddhi.n tathA chodayate.antarAtmA .. 39..
vyavasAya.n samAshritya sahAyAnyo.adhigachChati .
na tasya kashchidArambhaH kadA chidavasIdati .. 40..
advaidha manasa.n yuktaM shUra.n dhIraM vipashchitam .
na shrIH santyajate nityamAdityamiva rashmayaH .. 41..
Astikya vyavasAyAbhyAmupAyAdvismayAddhiyA .
yamArabhatyanindyAtmA na so.arthaH pariShIdati .. 42..
sarvaiH svAni shubhAshubhAni niyata.n karmANi jantuH svayaM
garbhAtsamppratipadyate tadubhaya.n yattena pUrva.n kR^itam .
mR^ityushchAparihAravAnsamagatiH kAlena vichCheditA
dAroshchUrNamivAshmasAravihita.n karmAntikaM prApayet .. 43..
svarUpatAmAtmakR^ita.n cha vistaraM
kulAnvaya.n dravyasamR^iddhi sa~ncayam .
naro hi sarvo labhate yathAkR^itaM
shubhashubhenAtma kR^itena karmaNA .. 44..
 bhIShmovAcha
ityukto janako rAjanyathAtathyaM manIsinA .
shrutvA dharmavidA.n shreShThaH parAM mudamavApa ha .. 45..
.. iti parAsharagItA samAptA ..

##
Adhyaya numbers 279-287 in shAntiparva, Mahabharata critical edition
(Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute BORI).
In Kinjavadekar's edition they are 290-298.

Sunder Hattangadi 


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