The following list, and links 1, 2, and 3 indicate evidence of the tremendous development that has taken place in online utilities for Sanskrit learning.
http://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/
by far carries almost all the available Sanskrit
dictionaries to English/French/Latin/Sanskrit and other
specialized dictionaries related to Sanskrit literature.
Cologne Digital Sanskrit Lexicon (CDSL) contains
searchable access to the Monier Williams Sanskrit Dictionary,
with selectable items for Capellars Sanskrit Dictionary, Tamil and
Pahlavi dictionaries. Both searches with Sanskrit/Tamil/Pahlavi
and English words are allowed. An improved version of the search
for just Sanskrit words for English meaning is available at Monier Williams Online Sanskrit English Dictionary
which allows Sanskrit word input in Kyoto, SLP1, and Itrans
transliterations, and output in Devanagari Unicode, Harvard-Kyoto,
ITRANS, Roman Unicode, Roman CSX, Roman Manjushree CSX formats. An advanced search covers Sanskrit and English
word searches with maximum of "All" word displays
in different formats.
Other digitized editions and scanned images of Sanskrit-English/German dictionaries are available at Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries. The web page provides Sanskrit lexicons prepared by the Institute of Indology and Tamil Studies, Cologne University. The advanced M-W site feature gives the declension of the stem, or gives the stem and declension if you input the inflected stem. The Monier William's dictionary in HTML text format is prepared by Richard Mahoney.
As a part of activities of Sanskrit Research Institute under the guidance ofAuroville and SAIIER - Sri Aurobindo International Institute of Educational Research, a major Sanskrit Dictionary online project has been undertaken at http://sanskritdictionary.com. In addition to the Sanskrit Dictionary project in large scale, their projects consist of Sanskrit Reference Tools, Sandhi Invaders, Word Frequency Tool, Root Explorer, Synonym Explorer, Brahmi Output, online Sanskrit OCR at image input based http://ocr.sanskritdictionary.com, Sanskrit Text to Speech (Sanskrit speech recognition), 2016 Panini Workshop, 64 Arts, Sanskrit Posters, Sanskrit Writer, Web Based Sanskrit Parser, Sanskrit Archive, Panini Research Tool et cetera. The projects are led by Dr. Martin Gluckman.
Stardict and compatible utilities ColorDict, GoldenDict, GoldenDict paid et cetera allow various dictionaries to be installed as Android and MacOS applications in phone. For Sanskrit Dictionaries, a Sanskrit Dictionary Updater is prepared by friends in Sanskrit programmers/coders group led by Vishwas Vasuki. The dictionary indices are maintained by stardict-sanskrit , sanskritcode groups. At present (May 2019), "the indices allow for 113+ dictionaries in the following languages to be installed: Sanskrit, pALi, hindI, marathi, punjabi/ panjabi, nepali, oriya/ odiya, assamese/ Asamiya, kannaDa, telugu, tamiL / tamizh, malayalam, sinhala/ sinhalese, greek, latin, english which you can search with the native script as well as with intuitive devanAgarI and roman transliterations." The user has to select which dictionaries to install and update carefully as there are host of them.
The Sanskrit Library site has an integrated dictionary page at http://sanskritlibrary.org/integratedDictionaries.html that provides access to 43 dictionaries most of which were developed in a collaborative project with CDSL funded by a joint program of the U.S. NEH and the German DFG and now available at both sites. The Sanskrit Library interface includes several additional lexical sources. Although the default page shows just four dictionaries, additional dictionaries are displayed by adding them in the preferences/dictionaries menu.
Jim Funderburk has prepared a video tutorial, "describing installation of local version of Monier-Williams English-Sanskrit Dictionary from Cologne Sanskrit-Lexicon. Also describes installation of Server2go for the Windows OS." See other uploads by him.
Here is a list of abbreviations and symbols used in Monier Williams Sanskrit English dictionary.
Word list from Monier Williams' Sanskrit dictionary, shabda sa.ngraha : ITX | PDF | UNICODE 1 | 2
Ajit Krishnan's Mudgala kosha, a searchable compilation of various dictionaries including Monier William's and Apte's dictionaries with additional grammar utilities will be an excellent addition to your Sanskrit learning. Explore the site of various scanned books and software including mobile applications for Sanskrit dictionaries. The Apps are kept at http://www.aupasana.com/stardict, along with installation instructions.
SanDic - Sanskrit-English Dictionary prepared by Artem Novikov. novikovag at gmail.com. The electronic version is based on three dictionaries:
Dhatu-Patha - Sanskrit-English Dictionary, a Collection of verbal roots with final forms. Compiled by Mandala
Pati dasa (Petrovsky Vladislav). mandala.pati at gmail.com.
Devanagari and English search is available through whole data-base.
All files for downloading (esp. "sandic.db") are available at:
http://sourceforge.net/projects/dhatu-patha/files
The dictionary is based on:
Halayudha Kosha is a Sanskrit to Sanskrit dictionary.
Ajit Krishnan has developed a mobile applications using these dictionaries. The Apps are kept at http://www.aupasana.com/stardict, along with installation instructions.
Monier William's and Apte dictionary for Mac OS compiled by Dr. Pankaj Dubey
: Download the three Zip files
Sanskrit Kosha SamucchayaH : A searchable Online Sanskrit Dictionary with drop down word selection. The database includes word meanings from following dictionaries selectable :
Online Sanskrit Dictionary at https://kosha.sanskrit.today. It is linked to 25+ dictionaries. It will show results from across all major dictionaries like Apte, Monier Williams, Kalpadruma, Vachaspatyam, etc. One can display output in other Indian languages.
Sanskrit to English Dictionaries
Sanskrit to Sanskrit Dictionaries
English to Sanskrit Dictionaries
The dictionary/glossary files developed on this site many years ago are still available here in Postscript / PDF / XDVNG / ITX / Text/ Unicode formats. (The unicode file is presented also in input-output slate format at Sanskrit-Anglabhasha Shabdakosh.) A separate set of files was created only for numbers used in Sanskrit. Please see learning tools' section.
The above file is further extended at http://www.srimadbhagavatam.org/downloads/SanskritDictionary.html with definitions of the Monier-Williams dictionary (indicated with an *=) and the ISKCON Vedabase (marked*V) and (partly) adapted to the transliteration used at srimadbhagavatam.org (see also mwreport.html).
Louis Bontes' PC-based dictionary utility for Monier William's digitized dictionary at Cologne is available at http://members.ams.chello.nl/l.bontes/.
Michael Bunk's Monier William's utility is at http://dict.uni-leipzig.de/dictd as an alternative to Cologne version. .
The scanned images of entire Monier Williams Sanskrit English dictionary are available at Sripedia MW as a part of Million Books Project. Contact S. Sriram for more details on the Sripedia project and if you would like to volunteer for proofreading other documents. Also read content the scanned Sanskrit books at Sanskrit section. Download of large files are required.
A PDF version of the dictionary scanned at Sripedia MW is made available in two parts of 105MB each.
Digital Dictionaries of South Asia project at University of Chicago plans to include four
searchable Sanskrit Dictionaries. The dictionary by Arthur Anthony Macdonell,
A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout is
available.
At sanskritvoice.com, Seshu Karthik Tanveer has developed a
searchable widget, and a facebook application for the dictionary. As on the original site, it
allows lookup for a Sanskrit phrase, or a reverse-lookup of an English word.
For etymology searches related to Sanskrit (Skt), visit etymonline.com, Wikipedia entry on Etymology with Sanskrit category and links, Nirukta, explanation, etymological interpretation, The Nighantu and the Nirukta, the oldest Indian treatise on etymology, philology and sementics, a list_of_English_words_of_Sanskrit_origin, Word Origins, downlodable Nirukta text at Maharshi University, encoded Nirukta text by Tokunaga available at Gretil, Indo-European etymological dictionary.
Chetan Pandey has developed a Sanskrit-English dictionary utility at www.sktUtils.com. It also contains a Transliterator - including Conversion Via Files Upload - Sandhi Engine, Pratyahara Decoder and Metric Analyzer.
There is an effort in "wikifying" the dictionaries and consolidating dictionary links at sa.wiktionary.org/wiki/. The initial collection is taken from Sanskrit Documents site, the unicode file provided above "dictionary/glossary file." The links are nicely categorized as : Sanskrit dictionaries, yoga glossary, Ayurveda dictionary, Grammar (vyAkaraNa), dictionary, Logic (tarka) dictionaries, self introspection (Atmachintanasya) related words, Dhatupatha (Panini) dictionary, Sanskrit-French glossary, Collection of Sanskrit sentences (saralasa.nskR^itavAkya kosha), Sankhyakarika shabdakosha et cetera. The problem exists with such "collective" efforts : Who will maintain the quality while "copy-pasting" the files, books, and (missing) links from difference sources? See for example "AyurvedIya sa.nskR^itshabdakosha."
Apte Sanskrit to English online searchable Dictionary is based on ``The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary'' of Vaman Shivaram Apte. An improved English to Sanskrit dictionary is available at Cologne.
Monier Williams dictionary is also available on a CD at sudarshana.org at a nominal cost or advertised as Free at krishna.com.
This is a facsimile edition of the dictionary. Its tabbed interface allows access to multiple pages. The dictionary is searchable, using Harvard-Kyoto encoding. The dictionary CD is published as freeware by the Bhaktivedanta Book Trust. The Trust offers it from their site, Krishna.com, for $2.95 (to cover the cost of handling). A new set of fonts to enable the dictionary's search feature to work under Windows Vista is available (at no cost) here: http://www.jswami.info/Monier_Williams_Sanskrit_Dictionary_for_Vista.
A Dictionary of Sanskrit Grammar by Kashinath Vasudev Abhyankar and J. M. Shukla, 1986 edition. (on ScribD).
Dr. Kalyanraman's Lexicon of Indian Languages (Indo-European and Dravidian)
Andre Signoret's French-Sanskrit dictionary. File to be downloaded: fraskt00.exe
Grard Huet's Sanskrit-French dictionary with on-line grammar. The display is in Devanagari and roman script. Read an annouuncement by Gerard for a summary.
INDDICT A Sanskrit English dictionary, available at http://www.sanskritreader.de/ . with features "User can look up Sanskrit words (in diacritical form) or meanings. Entries can be edited. Update function to publish edited/new words and meanings. Full access to the database. Statistical details about the distribution of words in a (limited) text corpus."
Klaus Glashoff has initiated a new online hypertext dictionary at http://spokensanskrit.de that allows user input in style of Wikipedia entries. Many phrases for conversational use are included. One can navigate from one word to the other by clicking on it. The display is in Unicode Devanagari as well as in transliteration format.
Yashwant Malaiya's search interface for some of these dictionaries.
Amarakosha or nAmali.ngAnushAsanaM, a Sanskrit thesaurus is available here. If you want to participate creating a dictionary from the text, please write to us.
Scanned copies of dictionaries
For an archive of Sanskrit dictionaries, readers and grammars in German, English and Russian join the newsgroup http://groups.google.com/group/Nagari (circa 4000 Mb Book Scans, devanagari fonts) Also, download free devanagari fonts and transliteration convert macros, OCR, http://nagari.southindia.ru (history and hi-res scans of Indian typography)
DCS Digital Corpus of Sanskrit at http://kjc-fs-cluster.kjc.uni-heidelberg.de/dcs/ at University of Heidelberg, with help details is a searchable collection of lemmatized Sanskrit texts.
A Sanskrit Dictionary of Spirituality, Scholar's Terms prepared by Octavian Sarbatoare.
Sanskrit-Pashto dictionary .
A list of Sanskrit dictionary related links is compiled at multilingualbooks.com.
A Sanskrit English dictionary by Lakshman Ramchandra Vaidya (885 pages) is available among google PDF books.
Dnyanadeep Education and Research Foundation's Sanskritdepika at http://www.sanskritdeepika.org has a catalog/glossary of English-Sanskrit-Marathi words with coordinated meanings. It also has extensive tools and information to learn Sanskrit.
Wikipedia Hindi Glossaries cover many words in different categories.
Resources for scientific and technological terms
http://www.cstt.nic.in/, Commission for Scientific and Technical Teminologies . The site just gives information on center's comprehensive publications. The homepage has links to get English or Hindi equivalents for typed words. A long list of words is given in English to Hindi Administrative Terms and Hindi to English Administratve Terms as well Subject wise listing. The subjects are divided in about 40 major sections. This may be most comprehensive for such equivalence.
Government of India E-Mahashabdakosh http://e-mahashabdkosh.rb-aai.i provides Sanskrit/Hindi equivalent words for technical terms. search under categories Administrative, Agriculture, BankingFinance, InformationTechnology, Education, Tourism, HealthCare, Industry, Legal, Culture, Railway, and Sports. Type an English word, select a varient in drop down menu, and search. Try words Accuracy, test, commercial etc and see teh details for each.
Another site to provide equivalent terms for technical subjects is TDIL Indian Language Technology Proliferation and Deployment Center. The words are given in tabular format with selectable starting letter.
Shrikant Jamadagni's compilation English-Sanskrit Dictionary for computer software/hardware related terminologies with meaning, context, and sentence structure.
An English-Hindi dictionary by Acharya Raghuveera is among the project "The Great English-Indian dictionary" in 1950s. They contain Sanskrit words for technical and scientific vocabulary for several disciplines.
Subscribe to a Google newsgroup dedicated to Scientific and Technical Hindi (वैज्ञानिक तथा तकनीकी हिन्दी).
Downloadable glossary of scientific and techincal terms at https://sites.google.com/site/technicalhindi/home/dict.
http://shabdkosh.raftaar.in/dictionary-category-list-english with words categorized in Law Dictionary, Physics, Accountancy and Auditing, Library Science, Transport, Home Science, Journalism, Geography, Zoology, Education, Literary Criticism, Chemistry, Geology, Communication, Economics, Linguistics, Administrative Terms, Archives, Social Work, Printing, Music, Cookery, Stock Market, Baby Names. This is advertisement revenue driven site.
Damodarreddy Challa at https://sourceforge.net/projects/sanskriti/ has developed "Sanskrit to English Dictionary Android application." He has also developed janapadam, a Telugu English dictionary.
Other related dictionaries (Hindi, Marathi, Gujarati etc) are available at shabdanjali at shabdakosh.com and Hindi section. For details on these dictionaries (copyright, availability, updates, contacts, permission to use etc), please see the Hindi Dictionary Readme file.
http://bharatavani.in/ has launched a large scale projects to provide " Knowledge through Indian Languages." It provides details of 90+ local India languages under categories Bhashakosha Textbooks Jnanakosha Multimedia Dictionary. It needs registration, signing with name, place, mobile phone number or such. The portal changes to all sanskrit with link of http://sanskrit.bharatavani.in subdomain.
अरविंद लैक्सिकन दो अक्तूबर, 2023 से निःशुल्क उपलब्ध रहेगा प्रिय भाषा प्रेमियो/ Dear Language Enthusiasts, गांधी जयंती के सुनहरे अवसर पर, हमें घोषित करते हुए बेहद ख़ुशी है कि हमारे पिता लेखक-पत्रकार-कोशकर श्री अरविंद कुमार (1930-2021) की शिरोमणि कृति "अरविंद लैक्सिकन ऑनलाइन" 2 अक्तूबर,2023 से सभी के लिए उपलब्ध रहेगा - निःशुल्क। अरविंद जी ने अपना पूरा जीवन भाषा को समर्पित किया। उनका सपना था कि भाषाई संसाधन ज़्यादा से ज़्यादा लोगों के लिए उपलब्ध हों। अरविंद लैक्सिकन ऑनलाइन को बिना सब्सक्रिप्शन सभी को उपलब्ध कराना उनके इसी सपने की ओर प्रयास है। On the memorable occasion of Gandhi ji’s birth anniversar 2023y, we are delighted to provide access to our father, writer-journalist-lexicographer Shri Arvind Kumar’s historic creation, Arvind Lexicon Online on a no-subscription-basis to all. This initiative is a tribute to Arvind ji’s lifelong commitment to language and his vision of making language resources accessible to all. हमारी आज़ादी के पचासवें साल में, अरविंद जी ने भारत को दिया उसका सबसे पहला आधुनिक थिसॉरस, युगांतरकारी समांतर कोश हिंदी थिसॉरस। और फिर उन्होंने हिंदी और अंग्रेज़ी - दो अलग भाषाओं, संस्कृतियों, और विचार धाराओं - को साथ लाकर तैयार किया 10-लाख अंग्रेज़ी और हिंदी अभिव्यक्तियों का ख़ज़ाना अरविंद लैक्सिकन ऑनलाइन, जो द्विभाषीय डिक्शनरी भी है, थिसॉरस भी है, और मिनी-ऐनसाइक्लोपीडिया भी! एक ऐसा डिजिटल उपकरण जो बड़ी सहजता से अंग्रेज़ी से हिंदी और हिंदी से अंग्रेज़ी में भाव व्यक्त करने में सहायता करता है और हिंदी-हिंदी एवं अंग्रेज़ी-अंग्रेज़ी संसाधन का भी काम करता है। In its fiftieth year of Independence, Arvind ji presented India with its first modern thesasurus, the epochal Samantar Kosh Hindi Thesaurus. He then went on to bring together Hindi and English - two different languages, cultures, and world views – to create a treasure of one million English and Hindi expressions, Arvind Lexicon Online, which seamlessly integrates the functions of a bilingual dictionary, thesaurus, and language explorer. This digital marvel facilitates effortless communication from English to Hindi AND Hindi to English, and also works as stand-alone English-English and Hindi-Hindi resource. आइए, अरविंद जी की विरासत के साथ अपनी भाषाई यात्रा शुरू करें: Explore the endless possibilities of expression with Arvind ji’s Arvind Lexicon Online at: http://arvindlexicon.com/lexicon/ अरविंद कुमार जी और उनके काम के बारे में अधिक जानकारी के लिए: For more information on Arvind ji and his works: https://www.arvindkumar-thesaurusman.com/ अरविंद जी का विकिपीडिया पेज / Arvind ji’s wikipedia page: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvind_Kumar_(lexicographer) अरविंद जी पर बनी डॉक्युमेंट्री शब्द सारथी/ थिसॉरस मैन अरविंद कुमार देखने के लिए / Documentary film Shabd Saarthi/ Thesaurus Man Arvind Kumar: https://youtu.be/WdxKAmumonY शुभ कामनाओं सहित/ Warmly, सुमीत कुमार और मीता लाल / Sumeet Kumar and Meeta Lall 99.434.42361/ 98.100.16568
The BharatiyaBhasha multilingual dictionary consisting of nearly 5000 common words in 14 different languages is available for download. There are quite a few tools developed at Technology Development for Indian Languages.
Shabdika shabdakosha, English-Hindi dictionary at TDIL, Technology Development for Indian Languages along with other language software tools.
A "Hindi Vishva Kosh," a Hindi pictorial encyclopaedia is in planning at http://tdil.mit.gov.in/ongoing_proj.html. It is sponsored by Government of India. Contact TDIL for more information.
A HindI ShabdasAgar is avaailable in StarDict format hi-shabdasAgar.tar.gz kept on github. See instructions available at http://www.aupasana.com/stardict
marathibhasha.com hosts several glossaries/dictionaries in Marathi/Hindi for English words as a glossary of technical terms (pAribhAShika shabdArtha sUchI) in several scientitfic and office categories. Must see the categories to get the details. A search engine with entries in English or Marathi/Hindi Devanagari is provided. It is a free tool available without any restricttions. This is part of collection of marathiwebsites.com/.
Archive.org has various Hindi dictionaries available for download. Search iwht words Hindi kosha Hindustani Hindoostanee et cetera.
Resource Center For Indian Language Technology Solution (CCFILT, IIT Mumbai) has a unique online Hindi and Marathi shAbdabandha, a searchable Hindi and Marathi - English dictionary, in fact more than a conventional dictionary. "It gives different relations between synsets or synonym sets which represent unique concepts."
The Aryabhusan school Marathi-English online dictionary, digitized at University of Chicago online collection, originally (1911) written by Shridhar Ganesh Vaze.
Another Marathi English Dictionary, available online at University of Chicago web site is Molesworth's digitized Marathi-English dictionary.
A webinterface to Hindi and Marathi dictionaries is available. There are other utilities developed as a part of Resource Center for Indian Language Technology Solutions at Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay (Mumbai). The searchable utilities include tutorials, wordnet group, most frequent words in Indian languages, Devanagari keyboard, Marathi and Hindi Corpora (try the word kushala) et cetera. The site is reviewed at Desh Dunia blogspot in Hindi.
The shabdkosh.com has on-screen inscript and romanized keyboard utility to enter Hindi text for a simple English-Hindi dictionary. The Hindi words and translations are clickable and display synonyms.
The http://en.bab.la/dictionary/english-hindi/ has an Hindi-English/English-Hindi dictionary which includes context sentences, idioms and useful phrases for learning Hindi. There are language quizzes and games available for learning hindi as a fun way to practice and improve vocabulary.
Digital Dictionaries of South Asia of University of Chicago has links and searchable contents of following languages: Baluchi, Khowar, Persian, Torwali, Bengali, Mar athi, Rajasthani, Urdu, Nepali, Sanskrit, Comparative, Hindi, Pali, Tamil, Kashmiri, Pashto, Telugu et cetera. Many more are forthcoming. These dictionaries are entered by contractors and the work to create searchable database is ongoing. The project is funded by the "International Research and Studies Program within the Office of International Education and Graduate Programs at the US Department of Education. The online versions of the four Sanskrit dictionaries were created for the DDSA as a project of the former Dharam Hinduja Indic Research Center of Columbia University under the generous sponsorship of the Hinduja Foundation. "
Gujarati Lexicon at http://www.gujaratilexicon.com/ has excellent contents and interface for the Gujarati/Gujarati/English dictionary.
Urdu-Devanagari transliterated word list.
Bharatabhasha_Common dictionary of 14 Indian languages, a zipped Excel spreadsheet.
An English Telugu Dictionary. Telugu On-line Dictionaries Project is supported in part by a grant from Telugu Association of North America.
Zdenek Broz
dicts(at)centrum.cz of
http://www.dicts.info has developed a data base information/dictionaries for various world wide languages. The project includes
following Indian languages :
Hindi,
Telugu,
Urdu,
Tamil,
Sinhala.
The interfaces are organized in interconnecting manner with many world languages. Explore the categories : Universal dictionary, English dictionary, Basic
vocabulary, Picture dictionary, English thesaurus, Encyclopedia, Bilingual dictionaries, Examples of use, Specialty resources, Mobile phones and PDAs applications,
Downloadable dictionaries, Offline Dictionary applications, Topical dictionary, Terminology, Vocabulary trainer, Standard Phrases.
The site http://khandbahale.com by Sunil Khandbahale has a set of dictionaries for various Indian languages, specifically English to Hindi, Marathi, Gujarati, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malyalam, Punjabi, Bengali, and Sanskrit, and reversed format. In addition to online searching, it has plugins for online webrowser searches (e.g if you are reading a newspaper or so and want to find a meaning of the word), applications for mobiles/handhelds, and smart phones. As a commercial tilt to the project, the downlodable files for dictionaries with Basic, Advance, and Advance with audio options are available at price. See the sitemap.
Tamilcube.com has a multilingual dictionaries in various languages. Among them is the search utility for English-Sanskrit and Sanskrit-English vocabulary words and translations. This is a comprehensive link websites for different resources such as Dictionaries, Translators, Exams/Aptitude tests, Ebooks, Astrology et cetera.
At https://gandhari.org, "Gāndhārī is a northwestern Middle Indo‐Aryan language closely related to Sanskrit and Pali. Gandhari.org provides resources for those engaged in the study of Gāndhārī, including three reference works edited by Stefan Baums and Andrew Glass (A Dictionary of Gāndhārī, the Bibliography of Gāndhārī Studies and the Catalog of Gāndhārī Texts) and a comprehensive collection of source text. "The site includes navigational interface to different dictionaries.